Month: September 2024

Around 140 A.D. a church bishop named Marcion published a canon of Scripture that left out the Old Testament as well as any reference to it in the gospels and the letters of Paul.  It appears he was motivated by his inability to reconcile the character of the God of the Old Testament with God the Father as revealed by Jesus Christ.  His final product was a severely edited gospel of Luke (no Matthew, Mark, or John) and ten abridged letters of Paul.  He was excommunicated from the church as a heretic.

Marcion’s angst is still with us today.  Ten years ago, Christianity Today magazine dedicated an entire issue to the theme of “Grappling with the God of Two Testaments.”  But it doesn’t have to be this way.  When we understand the huge differences between the old and new covenants, when we understand the unveiling of the salvation plan of God that was completed in Jesus, when we stop trying to mix the Old and New Testaments as pathways to the Christian life, when we understand the facets of God’s character revealed under each covenant, when we recognize the old covenant as out dated and obsolete (God’s words, not mine), then we will see how the big picture fits together.

The church fathers in the second century, in direct response to Marcion, said that the New Testament does not supersede the Old Testament, but stands beside it to form a complete set.  I am not one to quibble with the church fathers, but one of the claims of the New Testament itself is that it DOES in fact supersede the Old.

The new covenant proclaims itself as completely different and better than the old.  The book of Hebrews is a thirteen-chapter dissertation on the main idea that Jesus is better.  Jesus is better than the angels, Jesus is better than the Old Testament prophets, Jesus is better than Moses, Jesus is better than the Law.  And the new covenant introduced by Jesus is superior to the old covenant.

The provisions for righteous living are far superior under the new covenant than under the old.  The whole book of Galatians is based on this idea.  The Law was nothing more than a schoolmaster, condemning us and pointing out our sin.  But this ministry of condemnation, identified by Paul as the old covenant, has “come to an end” (II Corinthians 3:11).  It has been replaced, not added on to, by the new covenant; a covenant described as the ministry of life, the ministry of the Spirit, the ministry of righteousness, and a ministry that “is ongoing and remains” (II Corinthians 3:6-9).

As a first step in elevating the new covenant to the place it belongs, I think we should flip things around in our Bible publishing.  What I mean is, let’s publish our Bible with the New Testament first and the Old Testament second.  Let’s publish our Christian Bible with the Christian message first.  Let’s print the new covenant – our current arrangement with God – first, and include the old covenant second as a prequel or appendix as it were to the new.  Don’t you think that the Christian Bible, if it is to represent the Christian message, should start with the founder of Christianity, Jesus Christ?

What do you think?  Do you like the idea of publishing the New Testament first in our Bibles?  It is an approach that is not that uncommon in literature or film-making.  Think about the Star Wars franchise, for example.  As you recall, Episodes 4, 5, and 6 – the heart of the story – were produced first.  Episodes 1, 2, and 3 were produced many years later as a prequel.  If it had been shown the other way around, starting with episode 1, would the impact have been the same?  Would we have lost interest long before the pivotal quote, “Luke, I AM your father”?

Just a thought, but it causes me to wonder if it is an unfortunate part of our Bible publishing that one has to read through 931 chapters of the Bible before hearing God say, “Jesus, I AM your Father.”

After writing 37 posts about the Old Testament, I will wrap things up with this disclaimer.  I don’t spend much time in the Old Testament.  I don’t often read, teach, or preach from the Old Testament.  And here’s why.

The old covenant is the SHADOW, the new covenant is the REALITY.  The old covenant contains the MYSTERY, the new covenant is the REVELATION.  The old covenant points to the PROMISE.  The new covenant is the FULFILLMENT.  Why would I spend much time in the shadow, the mystery, or the promise when the reality, the revelation, and the fulfillment are waiting for me to explore, understand, and live?

Because we have been taught that all Scripture is of equal importance – even in this new covenant age – we think that we need to be reading and teaching from both the Old and New Testaments to proclaim the whole counsel of God.  But if you have been following this series, especially posts 1 through 4, you know that the old covenant is obsolete, over and done (God’s words, not mine in Hebrews 8:13 and elsewhere).

But what do we see in our evangelical churches?  We often see a pattern of teaching through a book of the Bible from the Old Testament followed by a book of the New Testament and back and forth we go.  Unless you are preaching Christ in the Old Testament, you are wasting the time of your congregants.  This approach only leads to mixed covenant confusion.

Please hear this … the old covenant is over!  Its promises of blessing and curses.  Its Law as a guide for living a God-honoring life.  Its calling out for the presence of the Lord to come to us.  Its stench of death.  All of it.  The old covenant is over.

I beg of you – teachers, preachers, church elders – focus on the REALITY, the REVELATION, and the FULFILLMENT of the new covenant.  This is the reality that your audience needs to understand.  This is the reality that your people live in today.  This is the reality they need to embrace to live the victorious Christian life.

I am not here to disparage the Old Testament.  I am just saying, “Let’s keep it in its proper place in the progressive revelation of God; its proper place as home to the promise of the coming Messiah and His salvation.  It is NOT the standard for Christian living.”

But what about an Old Testament sermon on the character of God, for example?  Don’t we learn some valuable things there?  An Old Testament explanation of God’s character will always fall short in giving us the full picture.  Where do we find the most complete revelation of God’s character, of God’s glory?  In the face of Christ!  “For God, who said, ‘Light shall shine out of darkness,’ is the One who has shone in our hearts to give the Light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Christ” (II Corinthians 4:6).  We see the most complete expression of the glory of God in the face of Christ.  Jesus said it this way, “If you have seen Me, you have seen the Father” (John 14:9).

Think back to Exodus chapter 34 when Moses requested of God to see His glory.  God effectively said, “No”, explaining that no one could see His glory and live.  So God hid Moses in the rock, covered him with His hand, and passed by so that Moses only saw God’s back.  But Moses did eventually see God’s glory; 1500 years later at the Mount of Transfiguration, in the presence of Jesus.  When Moses and Elijah appeared with the glorified Jesus in the gospels (Mark 9:2-8), what did Moses see?  He saw the glory of the Lord in the face of Jesus.  It took a face-to-face with Jesus to finally see the compete glory of God.

The Old Testament can never stand on its own in explaining the character of God, how to live a God honoring life, or how the blessing of God works.  It is out dated and obsolete regarding any of these issues.  We NEED the reality, the revelation, and fulfillment explained for us in the New Testament to finish the picture.

Christianity is Christ.  It is right in the name.  Christianity is NOT the rules, laws, or principles of the Old Testament.  Jesus Christ is the face, founder, and sole source of our faith.  One way we could help folks understand this is if we published our Bibles a bit differently.  I will explain next time.